Web Survey Bibliography
In questionnaires that present fully-verbally-labeled rating scales visually to measure attitudes, response choices are usually shown in ascending or descending order from most positive or negative to least positive or negative. This research explores whether and how departures from this convention might affect respondent behavior. We manipulated the wording of answer choices and the order in which they were presented, and measured answer choices, time to complete the questionnaire, and respondent satisfaction with the survey experience.
Respondents in a large national survey were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: the standard order (SO), moderately unsystematic order (MUO), and random order (RO) conditions. In the SO condition, rating scale response options were presented in a conventional order from most positive to most negative. In the MUO condition, the response options appeared in that same order except for the reversal of the ordering of the two response options at either the beginning or the end of each scale. In the RO condition, the same response options appeared, but in random orders. If respondents rely only on the denotative meanings of words in the response options, then the frequency with which people chose each option should not vary depending on presentation order. But if people quickly perceive each rating scale as representing a continuum, respondents in the MUO condition may ignore the small denotative meaning differences between the reversed adjacent scale point labels and place themselves along the continuum at the same places as they would have in the SO condition. And if people pay at least some attention to the denotative meanings of the verbal labels, then they should quickly detect the random order and choose the labels in the RO condition with the same frequency as they do in the SO condition, ignoring the order of presentation.
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Web survey bibliography - Krosnick, J. A. (41)
- Assessing the Accuracy of 51 Nonprobability Online Panels and River Samples: A Study of the Advertising...; 2016; Yang,Y.;Callegaro,M.;Yang,Y.;Callegaro,M.;Chin,K.;Yang,Y.;Villar,A.;Callegaro, M.; Chin, K.; Krosnick...
- Establishing the accuracy of online panels for survey research; 2016; Bruggen, E.; van den Brakel, J.; Krosnick, J. A.
- Moderators of Candidate Name-Order Effects in Elections: An Experiment; 2016; Kim, Nu.; Krosnick, J. A.; Casasanto, D.
- Understanding Society Innovation Panel Wave 7: Results from Methodological Experiments; 2015; Blom, A. G.; Burton, J.; Booker, C. L.; Cernat, A.; Fairbrother, M.; Jaeckle, A.; Kaminska, O.; Keusch...
- Comparing response order experiments with probability and non-probability samples; 2015; Yeager, D. S.; Krosnick, J. A.; Silber, H.
- A critical review of studies investigating the quality of data obtained with online panels based on...; 2014; Callegaro, M., Villar, A., Yeager, D. S., Krosnick, J. A.
- Online panel research: History, concepts, applications and a look at the future; 2014; Callegaro, M., Baker, R., Bethlehem, J., Goeritz, A., Krosnick, J. A., Lavrakas, P. J.
- Improving ability measurement in surveys by following the principles of IRT: The Wordsum vocabulary...; 2012; Cor, K., Haertel, E., Krosnick, J. A., Malhotra, N.
- Improving Question Design to Maximize Reliability and Validity; 2012; Krosnick, J. A.
- How accurate are surveys of objective phenomena?; 2012; Chang, L. C., Krosnick, J. A.
- A Systematic Review of Studies Investigating the Quality of Data Obtained with Online Panels; 2012; Callegaro, M., Villar, A., Krosnick, J. A., Yeager, D. S.
- Measuring americans' issue priorities. A new version of the most important problem question reveals...; 2011; Yeager, D. S., Larson, S. B., Krosnick, J. A., Tompson, T.
- Experiments for evaluating survey questions; 2011; Krosnick, J. A.
- Does mentioning "some people" and "other people" in a survey question increase the...; 2011; Yeager, D. S., Krosnick, J. A.
- Measuring User Satisfaction in the Lab: Questionnaire Mode, Physical Location, and Social Presence Concerns...; 2011; Jans, M., Romano, J. C., Ashenfelter, K. T., Krosnick, J. A.
- Measuring Intent to Participate and Participation in the 2010 Census and Their Correlates and Trends...; 2010; Pasek, J., Krosnick, J. A.
- Assessing the Accuracy of the Face-to-Face Recruited Internet Survey Platform: A Comparison of Behavioral...; 2010; Villar, A., Malka, A., Krosnick, J. A.
- Study of Non-Probability Sample Internet Surveys' Estimates of Consumer Product Usage and Demographic...; 2010; Yeager, D. S., Carter, A., Tewoldemedhin, H., Krosnick, J. A.
- User’s Guide to the Advance Release of the 2008-2009 ANES Panel Study ; 2009; DeBell, M.; Krosnick, J. A.; Lupia, A.; Roberts, C.
- Question and Questionnaire Design; 2009; Krosnick, J. A., Presser, S.
- Attrition in a Face-to-Face Recruited Internet Panel with Substantial Incentives; 2009; Malka, A., Krosnick, J. A., Ackermann, A., Debell, M., Turakhia, C.
- Lessons Learned About How to Accomplish Effective In- Person Recruitment of a Web-Equipped Survey Panel...; 2009; Ackermann, A., Krosnick, J. A., Turakhia, C., Debell, M., Malka, A., Jarmon, R.
- Comparison Study of Probability and Non-Probability Sample Surveys Conducted by Internet and Face to...; 2009; Yeager, D. S., Krosnick, J. A.
- Does Weighting Improve the Accuracy of Data from Non- Probability Internet Survey Panels of People Who...; 2009; Yeager, D. S., Krosnick, J. A.
- National Surveys Via RDD Telephone Interviewing vs. the Internet: Comparing Sample Representativeness...; 2009; Chang, L. C., Krosnick, J. A.
- Scientific Survey Research: Sustainable in an Online World?; 2009; Krosnick, J. A.
- Money for Surveys: What about Data-Quality?; 2009; A.Krosnick, J. A.
- The accuracy of online surveys with non-probability samples; 2008; Krosnick, J. A.
- ‘For Example’: How Different Example Types in Online Surveys Influence Frequency ; 2008; Berent, M., Krosnick, J. A.
- Comparing the Results of Probability and Non-probability Telephone and Internet Survey Data; 2008; Wang, R., Krosnick, J. A.
- “For Example…,” How Different Example Types in Online Surveys Influence Frequency...; 2008; Berent, M., Krosnick, J. A.
- Response option ordering: Reconciliating meanings conveyed by rating scale position and label. Unpublished...; 2007; Garland, P., Krosnick, J. A.
- Vote Over-Reporting: Testing the Social Desirability Hypothesis in Telephone and Internet Surveys; 2005; Holbrook, A. L., Krosnick, J. A.
- The Economist/YouGov Internet Presidential poll.; 2004; Fiorina, M., Krosnick, J. A.
- Telephone versus face-to-face interviewing of national probability samples with long questionnaires:...; 2003; Holbrook, A. L.; C., Green, M. C., Krosnick, J. A.
- Can What We Don’t Know (about “Don’t Know”) Hurt Us?: Effects of Item Non-response...; 2003; Krosnick, J. A., Behnke, C. S., Lafond, C. R., Thomas, R. K.
- The threat of satisficing in surveys: The shortcuts respondents take in answering questions; 2000; Krosnick, J. A.
- Survey research; 1999; Krosnick, J. A.
- Designing rating scales for effective measurernent in surveys; 1997; Krosnick, J. A., Fabrigar, L. R.
- Mail Surveys for Election Forecasting? An Evaluation of the Columbus Dispatch Poll; 1996; Krosnick, J. A.
- Response strategies for coping with the cognitive demands of attitude measures in surveys; 1991; Krosnick, J. A.